Pondok was considered as the first approach in mastering the
Islamic sciences .The main purpose of the efforts of produce man power by
scholars by Patani is to create a group
of Ulama who can contribute for the progressing
of Islam in their motherland especially in Terengganu, Kelantan , Kedah . they were
educated with high level of attribute , and knowledgeable on responding any
enquires that raised by their communities.
The cococulum of these centers were included the major sciences of Islam
such as Tawhid, Al Quran, Fiqh, Hadith,
Nahwu, sarf, Tasawwuf and akhlaq.
During second half of 18 centuty until late 19 century, the
increasing numbers of pondok can be witnessed
in Terengganu, This help for
producing the increased number of
scholar the important factors caused to
the number of pondok and scholars became increased in Terengganu was the
migration of mujahidin of Fatani after they been defeated by Sakhothai in 1840.
In Kelantan, Masjid Muhammadi became the most important
center of halaqah and achieve its climax of golden period in mid 1990. Tok
Selehor, Tok Padang Jelapang, tok Kemuning, tok bachok were among the famious
master who the top was Tok Kenali.
After the first world war, madrasah arabiyyah that newly
established at that time so embrace many people. revealed by the ideas
ofrevivalist such as Mohammad abduh established in many places over all of
Peninsular. Among the Arabic school were madrasah Al Iqbal( 1907-Singapore),
Madrasah Al hadi in Kaba(Melacca)(1917), Madrasah Muhammadiyyah in Kota
bharu,Kelantan( 1915), Madrasah al Hamidiyyah then replaced the name to Ma`ahad
Mahmud(1936 in Alor Setar, Kedah; Madrasah al Khairiyyah Pokok Sena (1933)
Pokok Sena, Penang; Madrasah Idrisiyyah, madrasah yahyawiyyah and madrasah Ehya
El sharef in Gunung Semanggol, Perak; Madrasah Alwiyyah al Diniyyah in Arau,
Perlis; Madrasah Sultan zainal abidin in batu buruk, Kuala Terengganu( 1933)
The main caused to the establishment of these school were:
as a refutation for the secular schools
under British administration which the
system of pondok came to its decline. . Due to the establishment of these
schools were from the sucrifaced of local settlement it were not centralize to a certain specific syllabus. school
In johor, religious education was firstly started to
boarded formally under government (1923-33) . Researchers
mentions that the kesedaran floated
among the officers because Undang-Undang Tubuh Negeri johor obligate to every
muslim boy and girl to receive religious education. So , out of religious school, there was
religious class for evening session been provided for students of secular schools Despite of that, there are a number of
scholars delivered talk in mosque and prayer hall.
On other hand, we should go to the discussion on approaches
of British imperialism in education. .
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